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ODBC - ODBC Architecture (Multiple Tier)
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There are basically two types of ODBC architecture:
Single Tier ODBC drivers
Multiple Tier ODBC drivers
Single tier drivers, such as the Microsoft® Access® driver, often operate directly on a database file or files.
A single tier ODBC driver processes both ODBC calls and the actual SQL commands.
In most cases, a configuration using a single tier driver can be contained on just one computer.
Multiple tier drivers are more common, and are typically used with a remote database server such as Oracle® and SQL Server.
Multiple tier ODBC drivers process ODBC calls made by the application, but pass the actual SQL command to the database system.
Typical architecture of a Relational Database Server and an ODBC driver
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